Ada / SPARK

Ada

Ada is a structured, statically typed, imperative, and object-oriented high-level programming language, extended from Pascal and other languages. It has built-in language support for design by contract (DbC), extremely strong typing, explicit concurrency, tasks, synchronous message passing, protected objects, and non-determinism. Ada improves code safety and maintainability by using the compiler to find errors in favor of runtime errors. (presentation on Wikipedia)

SPARK

The SPARK language consists of a well-defined subset of the Ada language that uses contracts to describe the specification of components in a form that is suitable for both static and dynamic verification. (presentation on Wikipedia)

Ada implementations

Documentations

Ada 2012
Ada95 Lovelace Tutorial, Steelman On-Line (David A. Wheeler)
Ada – A Crash Course (January 2020), Sample code samples.zip (Peter C. Chapin)
Ada-Europe 🇪🇺: AUJ – Ada User Journal; Ada-Belgium 🇧🇪 (Dirk Craeynest); Ada France 🇫🇷
Ada Conformity Assessment Authority: Ada 2012 Reference Manual, Ada 2022 Language Reference Manual, Overview of Ada 2022
AdaControl (Adalog)
AdaCore: SPARK;
- Blog:
  - Ada 202x support in GNAT (Arnaud Charlet, October 29, 2020)
- Documentation:
  - Ada Reference Manual: 95, 2005, 2012
  - GNAT User’s Guide for Native Platforms: 4. Building Executable Programs with GNAT / 4.3. Compiler Switches
  - GPRbuild and GPR Companion Tools User’s Guide
- GNAT Pro: comparison; Download GNAT Community Edition
- Learn.adacore.com: Ada for the C⁺⁺ or Java Developer, Introduction to Ada, Introduction to GNAT Toolchain, Introduction To SPARK, Labs, What’s New in Ada 2022
Ada Forge (William J. Franck)
Ada Home
AdaIC – Ada Information Clearinghouse: Ada Comparison Chart, Ada Rapporteur Group,
Ada Standards:
- Ada ’83: Quality and Style: Guidelines for Professional Programmers, Rationale, Language Reference Manual
- Ada 95: Quality and Style Guide: Guidelines for Professional Programmers, Rationale, Reference Manual
- Ada 2005: Reference Manual: 4.5 Operators and Expression Evaluation
AdaPower
Ada Programming: Type System (Wikibooks)
Ada Programming Language: Books, Forum (profile OPi)
Ada Quality and Style Guide: Guidelines for Professional Programmers (Wikibooks)
Ada: When the software HAS to work (Reddit) (profile OPiMedia)
awesome-ada – curated list of awesome resources related to the Ada and SPARK
Cheat Sheet Ada; OverAPI.com Ada: Ada Reference Card, Ada Syntax Card (DAINA, 1995)
FOSDEM Ada devroom (video recordings): 2022, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2009, 2006; FOSDEM
Introduction to Ada, The Enhanced Dining Philosophers Problem (Ray Toal)
ITEC 320 - Procedural Analysis and Design - Spring 2020: ITEC 320 FAQ (Edward G. (Ned) Okie)
Java 2 Ada
Jeffrey R. Carter: Papers, Pragmada Software Engineering Coding Standard
Le langage Ada 95 – 2005 .pdf (Yves Bailly, GNU/Linux Magazine France 2005–2007) :
1. 1. Présentation d’un langage pas comme les autres .pdf
2. 2. Sous-programmes .pdf
3. 3. Structure de contrôle en Ada .pdf
4. 4. Utilisation des tableaux .pdf
5. 5. Les enregistrements .pdf
6. 6. Les paquetages .pdf
7. 7. La généricité .pdf
8. 8. Chaînes et fichiers .pdf
9. 9. Mémoire et pointeurs .pdf
10. 10. Les exceptions .pdf
11. 11. L’orientation objet .pdf
12. 12. Types limités et objets contrôlés .pdf
13. 13. Liaison avec d’autres langages .pdf
14. 14. Tâches parallèles .pdf
15. 15. Conteneurs .pdf
16. 16. Les caractères des chaînes .pdf
17. 17. Un peu d’assembleur .pdf
Make with Ada
Pascal Style Languages: Pascal, Ada, PL/pgSQL (Hyperpolyglot)
Programming in Ada 2012 with a Preview of Ada 2022 (John Barnes, 2022)
Stack Overflow Ada tag (profile Olivier Pirson)
syntax in Ada (Pascal Rigaux)

Libraries

Alire – Ada LIbrary REpository: Crates
Ada 95 Booch Components
AUnit – unit test framework: AUnit Cookbook (AdaCore)
Dmitry A. Kazakov: Simple Components
Jeffrey R. Carter: PragmARC
The GNAT Components Collection (GNATcoll) – Bindings

Tools

Verification

Why3

Ada history

Ada – The Project, The DoD High Order Language Working Group (William A. Whitaker, 1993)
Episode 101 – Origins of Ada, Episode 102 – Application of Ada (Advent of Computing, February 6 and 20, 2023)
Overview of the Ada Computer Language Competition: Strawman – The technical requirements (April 1975)
Rationale for the Design of the ADA Programming Language .pdf (Jean D. Ichbiah, John G. P. Barnes, Jean-Claude Heliard, Bernd Krieg-Brueckner, Olivier Roubine, Brian A. Wichmann 1979)

Miscellaneous

Ariane 5 - 501 (1-3)
References on Zotero: Computer Science / languages / Ada in .pdf